Cambiar distribución de teclado temporal y permanente

sudo apt-get install x11-xkb-utils

After this you can always change the keyboard layout with:

setxkbmap es

To do this automatically every time, extend your .bashrc with:

echo "setxkbmap us" >> ~/.bashrc

https://gracca.wordpress.com/2009/07/15/configurar-teclado-manualmente-en-linux/

Para mi portatil MSI CR460
#Instalamos paquetes:
sudo apt-get install console-data
#Cambiamos idioma:
sudo setxkbmap -layout 'es,es' -model pc105